Topics

Operator	Name	Example	output
+	Addition	a+ b	8
-	Subtraction	a - b	2
*	Multiplication	a * b	15
/	Division	a / b	a = 12 b = 3 4.0
%	Modulus	a % b	a = 5 b = 2 1
**	Exponentiation	a ** b	a = 2 b = 5 32
//	Floor division	a // b	a = 15 b = 2 7

Note: #the floor division // rounds the result down to the nearest whole number.

PYTHON ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:

Example:

>>>a = 5

>>>print(a)

Output: 5

Operator	Example	Same As	output
=	a = 5	a = 5	5
+=	a += 3	a = a + 3	8
-=	a -= 3	a = a - 3	2
*=	a *= 3	a = a * 3	15
/=	a /= 3	a= a / 3	1.6666666666666667
%=	a %= 3	a = a % 3	2
//=	a //= 3	a = a // 3	1
**=	a **= 3	a = a ** 3	125
&=	a &= 3	a = a & 3	1
\|=	a \|= 3	a = a \| 3	7
^=	a ^= 3	a = a ^ 3	6
>>=	a >>= 3	a = a >> 3	0
<<=	a <<= 3	a = a << 3	40

PYTHON COMPARISON OPERATORS

Comparison operators are used to compare two values:

Example:1

>>>a = 5

>>>b = 3

>>> print(a == b)

# returns False because 5 is not equal to 3

Operator	Name	Example	output
==	Equal	a == b	false
!=	Not equal	a != b	true
>	Greater than	a > b	true
<	Less than	a < b	false
>=	Greater than or equal to	a >= b	true
<=	Less than or equal to	a <= b	false

PYTHON LOGICAL OPERATORS

Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:

Example:1

>>x = 5

print (x > 3 and x < 10)

Operator	Description	Example	output
and	Returns True if both statements are true	a > 3 and a < 10	true
or	Returns True if one of the statements is true	a > 3 or a < 4	true
not	Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true	(not(a >3 and a < 10))	false

SPECIAL OPERATORS

1) Python Identity Operators

Identity operators are used to compare the objects, not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object, with the same memory location:

Operator

Description

Example

output

Returns true if both variables are the same object

a is c

a is b

a == b

True
False
True

is not

Returns true if both variables are not the same object

x is not z

x is not y

x !=y

False

True

False

Example:1. is operator

a = ["tiger", "lion"]

b = ["tiger", "lion"]

c = a

print(a is c)

# returns True because c is the same object as a

print(a is b)

# returns False because a is not the same object as b, even if they have the same content

print(a == b)

# to demonstrate the difference between "is" and "==": this comparison returns True because a is equal to b

Example : 2. is not operator

a = ["tiger", "lion"]

b = ["tiger", "lion"]

c = a

print(a is not c)

# returns False because c is the same object as a

print(a is not b)

# returns True because a is not the same object as b, even if they have the same content

print(a != b)

# To demonstrate the difference between "is not" and "!=": this comparison returns False because a is equal to b

2) Python Membership Operators

Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object:

Operator	Description	Example
in	Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object	true
not in	Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object	true

Example:1

x = ["apple", "banana"]

print("banana" in x)

# returns True because a sequence with the value "banana" is in the list.

Example:2

x = ["apple", "banana"]

print("pineapple" not in x)

# returns True because a sequence with the value "pineapple" is not in the list

PYTHON BITWISE OPERATORS

Bitwise operators are used to compare (binary) numbers:

Operator	Name	Description
&	AND	Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1
\|	OR	Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1
^	XOR	Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1
~	NOT	Inverts all the bits
<<	Zero fill left shift	Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off
>>	Signed right shift	Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off